Bluno M3硬件外设

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Bluno M3 硬件外设

GPIO

概述

Bluno M3是非常容易使用通用输入/输出数字IO口,兼容Arduino的IO操作方式。但是拥有更多可操作的数字IO口,GPIO端口是从数字0到38。

Blune M3

GPIO 参考函数

I/O输入输出函数完全兼容Arduino uno控制方式。
函数接口:
   pinMode(pin, mode);
   digitalRead(pin);
   digitalWrite(pin,value);


参考例程

int led = 13;  // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards.

void setup() {
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);   // initialize the digital pin as an output.
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  delay(1000);               // wait for a second
  digitalWrite(led, LOW);    // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  delay(1000);               // wait for a second
}




USART

概述

USART 是用来进行串口通信的,Bluno M3共有5个串口Serial1(TX1,RX1)、Serial2(TX2, RX2)、Serial3(TX3, RX3)、Serial4(TX4, RX4)、Serial5(TX5, RX5)。其中Serial1(TX1,RX1)连接了蓝牙通信端口。
Bluno M3 的Uart与其他设备的Uart均采用交叉连接,即TX连接其他串口设备的RX,它的RX连接其他设备的TX。Serial1与usb调试下载共用一个uart外设。
在使用的时候,假如用户想使用Uart1时,调用Serial函数即可,完全兼容Arduino函数库。
Blune M3

USART 参考函数

支持Arduino基本串口库函数,参考Arduino官网:入口

参考例程

/**
*本例子实现了如下功能:
* 1、演示了Serial1-Serial5的初始化、读写流程。
*    
*
*/
void setup() {
    /* initialize both serial ports.*/
    Serial1.begin(9600);
    Serial2.begin(9600);
    Serial3.begin(9600);
    Serial4.begin(9600);
    Serial5.begin(9600);
    Serial1.println("Bluno M3 Serials test begin .......!");
    Serial1.println("Please choose the Serial to test,and Send a string for it:");

}


void loop() {
    char arr[50];
    int len;
    char ch;
    int i;
    //Serial1.available()函数用于判断串口是否有可读数据并返回出当前可读的字节数。
    if (Serial1.available()) {

        Serial1.println("the string you input just now is :");
        //读取出Serial1中的数据。
        ch = Serial1.read();
        //将数据回环输出
        Serial1.println(ch);
        Serial1.println("Please choose the Serial to test next,and Send a string for it:");
    }
    if ( Serial2.available()) {
        Serial2.println("the string you input just now is :");
        Serial2.println( ch = Serial2.read());
        Serial2.println("Please choose the Serial to test next,and Send a string for it:");
    }
    if (Serial3.available()) {
        Serial3.println("the string you input just now is :");
        Serial3.println( ch = Serial3.read());
        Serial3.println("Please choose the Serial to test next,and Send a string for it:");}
    if (Serial4.available()) {
        Serial4.println("the string you input just now is :");
        Serial4.println( ch = Serial4.read());
        Serial4.println("Please choose the Serial to test next,and Send a string for it:");  }
    if ( Serial5.available()) {
        Serial5.println("the string you input just now is :");
        Serial5.println( ch = Serial5.read());
        Serial5.println("Please choose the Serial to test next,and Send a string for it:"); }

}




PWM

概述

Bluno M3板子上标有“~”的端口都是PWM口(0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 11, 12 , 21, 22,27, 28, 35, 36, 37, 38)。每个管脚都与内部的定时器各通道相连接,PWM模块已经把硬件封装好了,
在使用的过程中用户不需要关心内部定时器配置等情况。
Bluno M3支持两种方式对PWM模块进行操作:
  方式一:
     直接调用void analogWrite(uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t ulValue)该函数默认输出周期固定为1KHz、占空比由ulValue的值改变的PWM方波到ulPin指定的具有PWM功能的管脚,且PWM的分辨率为8位。这种方式限制了
     PWM的输出能力。
  方式二:
     1、先调用void pwmMode( uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t pwmFre, uint32_t pwmMode)该函数配置指定输出PWM方波的管脚,pwm方波的频率和模式,其中模式有8位和12位之分,分别由PWM_8_BIT和PWM_12_BIT指定。
          *在PWM_8_BIT模式下,pwmFre的取值范围为:   4Hz < pwmFre  < 281250Hz.
          *在PWM_12_BIT模式下,pwmFre的取值范围为:   1Hz < pwmFre  < 17578Hz.
     2、调用void pwmWrite(uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t ulValue)该函数给指定管脚ulPin输出一个值ulValue决定的占空比的PWM方波,占空比计算公式如下:
          *在MODE_8_BIT下    ulValue 的取值范围是: 0 ~ 255, Dutycycle = ulValue / 255 * 100% 
          *在MODE_12_BIT下   ulValue 的取值范围是: 0 ~ 4095,Dutycycle = ulValue / 4095 * 100% 
Blune M3

PWM 参考函数

  void analogWrite(uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t ulValue)
  函数功能: 输出一个占空比由ulValue决定且频率为1KHz的PWM方波。
  参数说明:
      ulPin:具有PWM功能的端口编号。例如指定D7端口输出PWM波形,则ulPin 传入7即口;
      ulValue: 比较输出值,它决定了该方波的占空比,计算公式: 占空比 = (ulValue / 255 )* 100%,传值为0~255;
  返回值:无。
  void pwmMode( uint32_t ulPin, uint32_t pwmFre, uint32_t pwmMode)
  函数功能:配置PWM的波形出去端口,PWM的频率以及PWM的模式。
  参数说明:
      ulPin:具有PWM功能的端口编号。例如指定D7端口输出PWM波形,则ulPin 传入7即口;
      pwmFre:PWM的频率,其传值范围有pwmMode决定;
      pwmMode:指定该PWM的分辨率,其值为MODE_8_BIT或者MODE_12_BIT;
  返回值:无。

参考例程

第一种方式示例代码:

// pwm connected to digital pin 0
int pwmPin = 0;
void setup() {
  //nothing happens in setup
}

void loop() {

  // fade in from min to max in increments of 5 points:
  for (int fadeValue = 0 ; fadeValue <= 255; fadeValue += 5) {
    // sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
    analogWrite(pwmPin, fadeValue);
    // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
    delay(30);
  }

  // fade out from max to min in increments of 5 points:
  for (int fadeValue = 255 ; fadeValue >= 0; fadeValue -= 5) {
    // sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
    analogWrite(pwmPin, fadeValue);
    // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
    delay(30);
  }
}

第二种方式示例代码:

#include <Arduino.h>
int pwmPin = 0;    // PWM connected to digital pin 0
int flag = 1;

void setup() {
  //initailizing the pwmPin,  setting the period of PWM as 2000Hz and it's mode as 8'bit.
  pwmMode(pwmPin, 2000, PWM_8_BIT);
}

void loop() {
  // output the duty of the PWM , one is 39% based on the formula privided above.
  pwmWrite(pwmPin, 100);
  while (1);
}




ADC

概述

ADC模块可以将输入的模拟信号转化成数字信号,电压区间是0-3.3V,Bluno M3上共有模拟端口11个分别为(A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,A10)。Bluno M3有两种方式对ADC模块进行操作:
 方式一:
     直接调用analogRead(uint32_t ulPin),默认10位分辨率采样。单次不循环采样,要实现循环采样必须在应用程序中循环调用analogRead();使用方式与Uno类似。
 方式二:
     1、先调用函数void adcMode(uint32_t ulPin, uint8_t Mode)设置指定的adc管脚的工作模式。模式有三种:ADC_8_BITADC_10_BITADC_12_BIT。
         *ADC_8_BIT:把adc转换的结果映射在0~255范围内。
         *ADC_10_BIT:把adc转换的结果映射在0~1023范围内。
         *ADC_12_BIT:把adc转换的结果映射在0~4096范围内。
     2、调用函数uint32_t adcRead(uint32_t ulPin)该函数将ulPin指定的模拟输入脚中的电压值转换成与Mode指定的分辨率相对应的数值,然后将其返回。比如模拟电压1.5V在ADC_8_BIT模式下,转换后得到116,
        而在ADC_10_BIT下为465,在ADC_12_BIT模式下为1861。


Blune M3

ADC 参考函数

  uint32_t analogRead(uint32_t ulPin)
  函数功能:返回ulPin指定的adc转换后的结果。
  参数说明:
     ulPin: 具有ADC功能的管脚即标有字母A的管脚。比如要读入A0管脚的模拟输入值那么传入A0或者0即可,A0是定义的宏。
  返回值:adc的转换结果。
    
  void adcMode(uint32_t ulPin, uint8_t Mode)
  函数功能:设置ulPin指定的adc管脚的工作模式。
  参数说明:
     ulPin:具有ADC功能的管脚即标有字母A的管脚。比如要读入A0管脚的模拟输入值那么传入A0或者0即可,A0是定义的宏。
     Mode:指定输出的数据格式。Mode可以为ADC_8_BITADC_10_BITADC_12_BIT。
  返回值:无。
  uint32_t adcRead(uint32_t ulPin)
  函数功能:返回一个由Mode指定的分辨率的数据。
  参数说明:  
     ulPin:与adcMode中的端口编号一致。
  返回值:adc的转换结果。

参考例程

第一种方式示例代码:

int sensorPin = 0;    // select the input pin for the potentiometer
int sensorValue = 0;  // variable to store the value coming from the sensor
void setup() {
  Serial1.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
  Serial1.println((int)sensorValue);
  delay(1000);
}

第二种方式示例代码:

int sensorPin = 0;    // select the input pin for the potentiometer
int sensorValue = 0;  // variable to store the value coming from the sensor

void setup() {
  Serial1.begin(9600);
  adcMode(sensorPin, ADC_12_BIT);
}

void loop() {
  sensorValue = adcRead(sensorPin);
  Serial1.println((int)sensorValue);
  delay(1000);
}




External Interrupts

概述

外部中断能够用来检测端口电平的改变,当检测到电平变化时,则调用注册的回调函数,执行相应功能。0-38都可以作为外部中断管脚。
Blune M3

参考函数

  void attachInterrupt(uint32_t pin, void (*callback)(void), uint32_t mode)
  函数功能:配置一个指定的管脚为外部中断,并为该中断注册一个回调函数。
  参数说明:
     pin:0 ~ 38引脚编号。
     callback:回调函数。
     mode: 可以指定为CHANGE, RISING, FALLING中的其中一种。其中CHANGE指的是上升沿下降沿均被触发,RISING指的是上升沿触发,FALLING指的是下降沿触发。
  返回值:无。

参考例程

//define the extern interrupt pin.
char intNumber = 2;

void setup() {
  //init the Serial1.
  Serial1.begin(9600);
  //register the interrupt handler for the pin and specify the interrupt mode in CHANGE mode
  attachInterrupt(intNumber, warning, CHANGE);
}

void loop() {

}

/*define a function as the handler when the extern Interrupt assert*/
void warning() {
  Serial1.println((int)intNumber);
}





I2C

概述

   I2C总线是由PHILIPS公司开发的两线式总线,是一种串行外设总线接口,用于连接微控制器及其外围设备,是微电子通信控制领域广泛采用的一种总线标准。它是同步通信的一种特殊形式,具有接口线少,控制方式简单,
器件封装形式小,通信速率较高等优点。I2C 总线支持任何IC 生产过程(CMOS、双极性)。通过串行数据(SDA)线和串行时钟(SCL)线在连接到总线的器件间传递信息。每个器件都有一个唯一的器件地址(无论是微控制器
——MCU、LCD 驱动器、存储器或键盘接口),而且都可以作为一个发送器或接收器(由器件的功能决定)。LCD 驱动器只能作为接收器,而存储器则既可以接收又可以发送数据。除了发送器和接收器外,器件在执行数据传输时
也可以被看作是主机或从机。主机是初始化总线并产生时钟信号的器件。此时,任何被寻址的器件都被认为是从机。Bluno M3提供两个硬件I2C端口,分别是I2C1和I2C2,但由于采用软件模拟I2C灵活高,易实现,仅需要任意
两个通用I0口即可,所以现在我们的板子只提供软件模拟的I2C接口,将来的版本可能会兼容硬件I2C。Bluno M3为了兼容UNO,直接用Wire操作就可以了。在调用 Wire.begin()时,默认配置了板子上的SDA,SCL这两个端口作为模拟I2C接口。

参考函数

 Buluno M3 的Wire接口与标准的arduino一样的,因此其具体接口函数可以参考arduino官网或者Uno的使用方式,下面是关于Wire使用的使用例程。
 这里需要特别说明怎么使用其他通用的数字端口作为模拟I2C的SCL和SDA。比如说用户此时想把D6作为SDA口,D7作为SCL口的话,只需要调用Wire.begin(6,7),这样就把D6和D7当做I2C的SDA和SCL来用了。


参考例程

/* 
 *  此代码实现了利用I2C总线对24C256 芯片的读写。
 * 
 *  
 *  
 */

#include <Wire.h> //I2C library
#define EEPROM_ADDR 0x50           // I2C Buss address of 24LC256 256K EEPROM
#define PAGESIZE    64             // 64 bytes each Page of 24LC256
int temp ;
void setup()
{
  Wire.begin();   // join I2C bus (address optional for master)
  Serial1.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
         int i;
         byte arr[64];
         byte arread[64];
         // TESTS FOR EACH FUNCTION BEGIN HERE
          Serial1.println("the data is going to be write to the 24LC256:");
         for (i = 0; i < PAGESIZE; i++)
         {
             arr[i] = i;
             Serial1.print(i);
             Serial1.print(' ');
             if (i != 0 && i % 10 == 0)
                Serial1.println("");
         }
         
          Serial1.println("");
         i2c_eeprom_write_page(EEPROM_ADDR, 0, arr, PAGESIZE);
         delay(100); 
       
         i2c_eeprom_read_buffer(EEPROM_ADDR, 0, arread,PAGESIZE);
         Serial1.println("the data is reading from the 24LC256  :");
         delay(1000); 
         
         for (i = 0; i < PAGESIZE; i++)
         {
             Serial1.print(arread[i]);
             Serial1.print(' ');
             if (i != 0 &&i % 10 == 0)
                 Serial1.println("");
         
         }
          Serial1.println("");
         if (memcmp(arr, arread, PAGESIZE) == 0)
         {
             Serial1.println("the driver of the 24LC256 correct!");
         } 
         else
         {
              Serial1.println("the driver of the 24LC256 fault!");
         }
      
         while (1);  
  }

void i2c_eeprom_write_byte( int deviceaddress, unsigned int eeaddress, byte data ) {
    int rdata = data;
    Wire.beginTransmission(deviceaddress);
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress >> 8)); // MSB
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress & 0xFF)); // LSB
    Wire.write(rdata);
    Wire.endTransmission();
  }

  // WARNING: address is a page address, 6-bit end will wrap around
  // also, data can be maximum of about 30 bytes, because the Wire library has a buffer of 32 bytes
void i2c_eeprom_write_page( int deviceaddress, unsigned int eeaddresspage, byte* data, byte length ) {
    Wire.beginTransmission(deviceaddress);
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddresspage >> 8)); // MSB
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddresspage & 0xFF)); // LSB
    byte c;
    for ( c = 0; c < length; c++)
      Wire.write(data[c]);
    Wire.endTransmission();
  }

byte i2c_eeprom_read_byte( int deviceaddress, unsigned int eeaddress ) {
    byte rdata = 0xFF;
    Wire.beginTransmission(deviceaddress);
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress >> 8)); // MSB
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress & 0xFF)); // LSB
    Wire.endTransmission();
    Wire.requestFrom(deviceaddress,1);
    if (Wire.available()) rdata = Wire.read();
    return rdata;
  }

  // maybe let's not read more than 30 or 32 bytes at a time!
void i2c_eeprom_read_buffer( int deviceaddress, unsigned int eeaddress, byte *buffer, int length ) {
    Wire.beginTransmission(deviceaddress);
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress >> 8)); // MSB
    Wire.write((int)(eeaddress & 0xFF)); // LSB
    Wire.endTransmission();
    Wire.requestFrom(deviceaddress,length);
    int c = 0;
    for ( c = 0; c < length; c++ )
      if (Wire.available()) buffer[c] = Wire.read();
  }




SPI

概述

SPI是一种高速、全双工和同步的通信总线。Bluno M3 提供两个SPI接口,分别是SPI和SPI1,这两个对象已经在库中定义好了,用户在编码时可以直接使用这两个对象对SPI总线进行操作。

参考函数

参考Arduino官方库函数:入口 
注:SPI对应的是SPI.begin(),SPI1对应的是SPI1.begin().

参考例程


/**
*代码演示了使用SPI对象中的方法去驱动SD卡。
*1、这是一份完整的sd卡驱动代码。
*2、应该重点关注SPI的用法。
*
*
*
*/






#include "SPI.h"


#define SD_TYPE_ERR     0X00
#define SD_TYPE_MMC     0X01
#define SD_TYPE_V1      0X02
#define SD_TYPE_V2      0X04
#define SD_TYPE_V2HC    0X06	   

#define CMD0    0      
#define CMD1    1
#define CMD8    8     
#define CMD9    9       
#define CMD10   10      
#define CMD12   12     
#define CMD16   16      
#define CMD17   17    
#define CMD18   18    
#define CMD23   23   
#define CMD24   24     
#define CMD25   25   
#define CMD41   41     
#define CMD55   55    
#define CMD58   58    
#define CMD59   59      
#define MSD_DATA_OK                0x05
#define MSD_DATA_CRC_ERROR         0x0B
#define MSD_DATA_WRITE_ERROR       0x0D
#define MSD_DATA_OTHER_ERROR       0xFF
#define MSD_RESPONSE_NO_ERROR      0x00
#define MSD_IN_IDLE_STATE          0x01
#define MSD_ERASE_RESET            0x02
#define MSD_ILLEGAL_COMMAND        0x04
#define MSD_COM_CRC_ERROR          0x08
#define MSD_ERASE_SEQUENCE_ERROR   0x10
#define MSD_ADDRESS_ERROR          0x20
#define MSD_PARAMETER_ERROR        0x40
#define MSD_RESPONSE_FAILURE       0xFF


const int slaveSelectPin = 4;
u8  SD_Type=0;

u8 SD_WaitReady(void)
{
  u32 t=0;
  do
  {
    if(SPI.transfer(0xff)==0xff)
    {
      return 0;//is ok!!!
    }
    t++;
  }while(t<0xffffff);
  return 1;
}

void SD_DisSelect(void)
{
	digitalWrite(slaveSelectPin, HIGH);
	SPI.transfer(0xff);
}

u8 SD_Select(void)
{
	digitalWrite(slaveSelectPin, LOW);
	if(SD_WaitReady()==0)
          return 0;
	SD_DisSelect();
	return 1;
}

u8 SD_SendCmd(u8 cmd, u32 arg, u8 crc)
{
    u8 r1;	
    u8 Retry=0; 
    SD_DisSelect();
    if(SD_Select())
    {
      return 0XFF;
    }
    SPI.transfer(cmd | 0x40);//·Ö±ðдÈëÃüÁî
    SPI.transfer(arg >> 24);
    SPI.transfer(arg >> 16);
    SPI.transfer(arg >> 8);
    SPI.transfer(arg);	  
    SPI.transfer(crc); 
    if(cmd==CMD12)
      SPI.transfer(0xff);
    Retry=0X1F;
    do
    {
	r1=SPI.transfer(0xFF);
    }while((r1&0X80) && Retry--);	 

    return r1;
}

u8 SD_Initialize(void)
{
	u16 retry;
	u8 r1;
	u8 buf[4]; 
	u16 i;
	// set the slaveSelectPin as an output:
	pinMode (slaveSelectPin, OUTPUT);
	// initialize SPI:
	SPI.begin();
        SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV256);
        SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE3);
	//SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE3);
	SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV256);
	for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
	SPI.transfer(0xff);
	retry=20;
	do
	{
		r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD0,0,0x95);
	}while((r1!=0x01)&&retry--);
	SD_Type=0;
	if(r1==0X01)
	{
		if(SD_SendCmd(CMD8,0x1AA,0x87)==1)//SD V2.0
		{
			for(int i=0;i<4;i++)buf[i]=SPI.transfer(0XFF);	
			if(buf[2]==0X01&&buf[3]==0XAA)
			{
				retry=0XFFFE;
				do
				{
					SD_SendCmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	
					r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD41,0x40000000,0X01);
				}while(r1&&retry--);
				if(retry&&SD_SendCmd(CMD58,0,0X01)==0)
				{
					for(int i=0;i<4;i++)buf[i]=SPI.transfer(0XFF);
					if(buf[0]&0x40)SD_Type=SD_TYPE_V2HC;   
					else SD_Type=SD_TYPE_V2;   
				}
			}
		}else//SD V1.x/ MMC	V3
		{
			SD_SendCmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	
			r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD41,0,0X01);	
			if(r1<=1)
			{		
				SD_Type=SD_TYPE_V1;
				retry=0XFFFE;
				do 
				{
					SD_SendCmd(CMD55,0,0X01);
					r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD41,0,0X01);
				}while(r1&&retry--);
			}else
			{
				SD_Type=SD_TYPE_MMC;//MMC V3
				retry=0XFFFE;
				do 
				{											    
					r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD1,0,0X01);
				}while(r1&&retry--);  
			}
			if(retry==0||SD_SendCmd(CMD16,512,0X01)!=0)SD_Type=SD_TYPE_ERR;
		}
	}
	SD_DisSelect();
	//SPIsetClockDivider(SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2);
	if(SD_Type)
	return 0;
	else if(r1)return r1; 	   
	return 0xaa;
}

u8 SD_GetResponse(u8 Response)
{
	u16 Count=0xFFF;						  
	while ((SPI.transfer(0XFF)!=Response)&&Count)Count--;
	if (Count==0)return MSD_RESPONSE_FAILURE;
	else return MSD_RESPONSE_NO_ERROR;
}

u8 SD_RecvData(u8*buf,u16 len)
{			  	  
    if(SD_GetResponse(0xFE))return 1;
    while(len--)
    {
        *buf=SPI.transfer(0xFF);
        buf++;
    }
    
    SPI.transfer(0xFF);
    SPI.transfer(0xFF);									  					    
    return 0;
}

u8 SD_GetCSD(u8 *csd_data)
{
    u8 r1;	 
    r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD9,0,0x01);
    if(r1==0)
    {
      r1=SD_RecvData(csd_data, 16);
    }
  SD_DisSelect();
  if(r1)
    return 1;
  else 
    return 0;
} 

u32 SD_GetSectorCount(void)
{
    u8 csd[16];
    u32 Capacity;  
    u8 n;
    u16 csize;  					    
    if(SD_GetCSD(csd)!=0) 
    {
      return 0;	    
    }

    if((csd[0]&0xC0)==0x40)	
    {	
		csize = csd[9] + ((u16)csd[8] << 8) + 1;
		Capacity = (u32)csize << 10;	 		   
    }
    else
    {	
		n = (csd[5] & 15) + ((csd[10] & 128) >> 7) + ((csd[9] & 3) << 1) + 2;
		csize = (csd[8] >> 6) + ((u16)csd[7] << 2) + ((u16)(csd[6] & 3) << 10) + 1;
		Capacity= (u32)csize << (n - 9); 
    }
    return Capacity;
}

u8 SD_ReadDisk(u8* buf,u32 sector,u8 cnt)
{
	u8 r1;
	if(SD_Type!=SD_TYPE_V2HC)sector <<= 9;
	if(cnt==1)
	{
		r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD17,sector,0X01);
		if(r1==0)
		{
			r1=SD_RecvData(buf,512);
		}
	}else
	{
		r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD18,sector,0X01);
		do
		{
			r1=SD_RecvData(buf,512);
			buf+=512;  
		}while(--cnt && r1==0); 	
		SD_SendCmd(CMD12,0,0X01);	
	}   
	SD_DisSelect();
	return r1;//
}

u8 SD_WriteDisk(u8* buf,u32 sector,u8 cnt)
{
	u8 r1;
	if(SD_Type!=SD_TYPE_V2HC)sector *= 512;
	if(cnt==1)
	{
		r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD24,sector,0X01);
		if(r1==0)
		{
			r1=SD_SendBlock(buf,0xFE);
		}
	}
        else
	{
		if(SD_Type!=SD_TYPE_MMC)
		{
			SD_SendCmd(CMD55,0,0X01);	
			SD_SendCmd(CMD23,cnt,0X01);
		}
 		r1=SD_SendCmd(CMD25,sector,0X01);
		if(r1==0)
		{
			do
			{
				r1=SD_SendBlock(buf,0xFC);
				buf+=512;  
			}while(--cnt && r1==0);
			r1=SD_SendBlock(0,0xFD);
		}
	}   
	SD_DisSelect();
	return r1;//
}	 

u8 SD_SendBlock(u8*buf,u8 cmd)
{	
	u16 t;		  	  
	if(SD_WaitReady())return 1;
	SPI.transfer(cmd);
	if(cmd!=0XFD)
	{
	    for(t=0;t<512;t++)
              SPI.transfer(buf[t]);
	      SPI.transfer(0xFF);
	      SPI.transfer(0xFF);
		t=SPI.transfer(0xFF);
		if((t&0x1F)!=0x05)return 2;								  					    
	}						 									  					    
    return 0;
}

void setup() 
{
  u32 sector_size;
  u8 ybuf[512]="DFROBOT!";
  u8 xbuf[512];
  
  Serial1.begin(9600);
 // SPI.begin();
  Serial1.println("Serial1 init is OK!");
   while(SD_Initialize()!=0)
   {
     Serial1.println("SD init Failed");
     delay(1000);
   }
   Serial1.println("SD init OK!");
   sector_size=SD_GetSectorCount()/1024;
  // sector_size=0x3af000;
   Serial1.println(sector_size/4);
   SD_WriteDisk(ybuf,0,1);
   delay(500);
   SD_ReadDisk(xbuf,0,1);
      
   Serial1.println(xbuf[0]);
   Serial1.println(xbuf[1]);
   Serial1.println(xbuf[2]);
   Serial1.println(xbuf[3]);
   Serial1.println(xbuf[4]);
   Serial1.println(xbuf[5]);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}




Timer

概述

Bluno M3的软件库里实现了一个软件定时器,用于满足用户在某些特殊场合下的定时处理需求。该定时器被封装在Timer类中,用于只需要定义并初始化对象就可以方便使用。Timer支持单次定时模式和周期性定时模式,
同一个定时器对象可以在两种模式之间切换。Timer类也支持回掉函数的更换。


参考函数

  Timer(void)
  函数功能:默认构造函数。
  参数说明:
      无参数。
  返回值: 无。
  Timer(uint32_t ms, Func tfunc, tKind_t mode, void *data)
  函数功能:支持实例化对象时传参。
  参数说明:
      ms:定时时间,单位:ms;
      tfunc:注册的回调函数,函数的类型为void (*Func)(void *);
      mode:指定该定时器的类型,mode可以是t_single或者t_period中的一种;t_single表示的是:该定时器定时时间一到调用完回调函数后就自动销毁了,即调用一次回调函数后就不能在用了;t_period表示:该定时器周期
            性的被中断,回调函数周期性的被调用,用户可以手动的调用该定时器的析构函数将其销毁。
      data:回调函数需要处理的数据指针;
  返回值: 无。
  ~Timer(): 
  函数功能:析构函数,调用后定时器自动销毁。
  参数说明:
      无参数。
  返回值: 无。
  void config(uint32_t ms, Func tfunc, tKind_t mode, void *data)
  函数说明:用于配置定时器对象的函数。
  参数说明:
      ms:定时时间,单位:ms;
      tfunc:注册的回调函数,函数的类型为void (*Func)(void *);
      mode:指定该定时器的类型。mode可以是t_single或者t_period中的一种;
      data:回调函数需要处理的数据指针;
  返回值: 无。
  uint8_t get_tNum(void)
  函数说明:返回当前定时器的序列号。
  参数说明:
      无参数。 
  返回值:当前定时器的序列号。该序列号是创建定时器时分配的。
  uint32_t get_resTime(void)
  函数说明:返回当前定时器的剩余时间,单位ms。
  参数说明:
      无参数。
  返回值: 定时器倒计时值,即剩余时间。 
  void change_callbackFunc(Func ttFunc)
  函数说明:改变当前定时器的回调函数。
  参数说明:
      ttFunc:函数指针,或函数名。
  返回值: 无。
  void change_mode(tKind_t mode)
  函数说明:改变当前定时器的模式。
  参数说明:
      mode: 可以是t_single或者t_period;
  返回值: 无。


参考例程



/***
*
*此代码演示了如何使用Bluno M3内置的软件定时器。
*
*/

#include "timerobj.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
unsigned char td;

/*define the objects of the Timer that are best to be a global variable*/
//instantiate a object of the class Timer with the hook function myfunc,and speicify the mode t_period.
Timer timer1(1000, myfunc, t_period, NULL );

Timer timer2(3000, myfunc1, t_period, NULL );


void myfunc(void *data)
{
     Serial1.println("it is processing the first call back function! on timer1\n");  
}

void myfunc1(void *data)
{
     static int i;
     i++;
     Serial1.println(i);
     Serial1.println("it is processing the second call back function! on timer2\n");  
   
     if (i == 3)
     {
         Serial1.println("changing the callback function for the timer1\n");  
         timer1.change_callbackFunc(myfunc2);  // changing the callback function for the object timer1
      }  
  
}

void myfunc2(void *data)
{
  
      static int i;
      i++;
      Serial1.println(i);
      Serial1.println("myfunc2");   
      if (i == 2)
      {
         Serial1.println("changing the kind of modefor timer2\n");  
         timer2.change_mode(t_single);  // changing the mode for the timer2 from t_period to t_single.
      }
}

void setup() {
  
      Serial1.begin(9600);
  
}

void loop() {
   
 
}






Servo

概述

 舵机是一种伺服电机,可以通过PWM波信号给定转角角度信息,转动致指定角度并能保持、承受一定的外力矩。Bluno M3的舵机用户使用接口与Uno是一致的。Bluno 中构造了Servo类,如果用户想使用一个舵机
 那么就调用attach()函数并参入一个端口信息实例化一个对象,该对象可以调用servo类的接口函数去实现各种复杂的功能。一个舵机对用一个Servo对象,这样的封装使用户对舵机的操作更加变得容易,方便。


参考函数

  uint8_t attach(int pin)
  函数功能:把pin指定的端口用于驱动舵机,并返回该舵机在所有正在使用的舵机中的编号。
  参数说明:
     pin: 0~38中的任意一个端口号。
  返回值:返回该舵机在所有正在使用的舵机中的编号。
  void write(int value)
  函数功能:给定舵机一个旋转的角度值。
  参数说明:
     value:指定舵机旋转的度数,例如:如果要使舵机旋转1度,那么就让value = 1;如果要使舵机旋转20°,那么就让value = 20即可。
  返回值:无。


参考例程

/* Sweep

 This example code is in the public domain.

 
*/ 

#include <ServoM3.h> 
 
Servo myservo;  // create servo object to control a servo 
                // twelve servo objects can be created on most boards
 
int pos = 0;    // variable to store the servo position 
 
void setup() 
{ 
  myservo.attach(9);  // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object 
} 
 
void loop() 
{ 
  for(pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees 
  {                                  // in steps of 1 degree 
    myservo.write(pos);              // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos' 
    delay(15);                       // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position 
  } 
  for(pos = 180; pos>=0; pos-=1)     // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees 
  {                                
    myservo.write(pos);              // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos' 
    delay(15);                       // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position 
  } 
} 





Flash

概述

Bluno M3采用的是stm32f103的ARM处理器,内部自带了一个容量为512K的flash,在它上面可以存储并运行程序,也可以存储用户数据。flash共256个page,每个page大小为2KByte。一般地,在对flash写之前必须要先进行擦除
操作,一次最多只能写一个page大小。如果用户直接对flash底层进行操作的话,难度大,不容易实现,并且严重影响用户设计的嵌入式系统的稳定性。为此Bulno M3在软件库里实现一个专门的Flash类,该封装了stm32f103芯片
中的内部flash。它将flash分为两大区域:代码区和用户数据区。代码区是程序存储运行的地方,对用户来说是不可见的,地址范围0x00000000~0x0807B000;而用户数据区可以被用户擦除,读写等,地址范围:0x0807B000
~0x08080000;这样用户可以不需要外接存储芯片的情况下也有20K Flash空间可用于存储数据。Flash类使用起来非常方便,用户在写数据时可以不用考虑该区域flash是否已擦除。因为 Write函数自带擦除功能;用户也不需要
考虑flash换页问题,因为Write函数实现了自动换页功能,使存储的数据在flash内部分布紧凑,大大提高了flash的利用率。


参考函数

  FLASH_Status ErasePage(uint32_t Page_Address)
  函数功能:擦除一个page。
  参数说明:
     Page_Address: page的首地址。 计算公式:Page_Address = x0807B000 + i * 2048; i指的是page的编号,i = (0,1,2,...,19)。
  返回值:如果擦除成功则返回FLASH_COMPLETE,即十进制4。FLASH_Status的定义如下: typedef enum{ FLASH_BUSY = 1,FLASH_ERROR_PG,FLASH_ERROR_WRP, FLASH_COMPLETE, FLASH_TIMEOUT } FLASH_Status;
  FLASH_Status EraseAllPages(void)
  函数功能:擦除整块用户数据区;当然代码区不会被擦除。
  参数说明:
     无参数。
  返回值:如果擦除成功则返回FLASH_COMPLETE,即十进制4;
  void Read(uint32_t Addr, void *data, uint32_t NumByteToRead)
  函数功能:指定的起始地址进行多字节读。
  参数说明:
      Addr:读起始地址,有效地flash地址即Addr必须在0x0807B000~0x08080000之间;
      data:存放读取数据的buffer;
      NumByteToRead: 指定需要读出的字节个数;
  返回值: 无。
  uint16_t Read(uint32_t Addr)
  函数功能:单字节读。
  参数说明:
      Addr:将读取数据所在的地址。
  返回值:返回所读取的数据,16位的数据。
  FLASH_Status Write(uint32_t WriteAddr, uint16_t data)
  函数功能:写入一个16位数据。
  参数说明:
      WriteAddr:有效地flash地址即Addr必须在0x0807B000~0x08080000之间;
      data:将要被写入的数据。
  返回值:写入成功返回FLASH_COMPLETE;
  void Write(uint32_t WriteAddr, void *data, uint32_t NumByteToWrite)
  函数功能:对指定的起始地址进行多字节写;
  参数说明:
      WriteAddr:写起始地址,有效地flash地址即Addr必须在0x0807B000~0x08080000之间;
      data,将要被写入的数据缓存去的地址;
      NumByteToWrite:指定将要写入的字节数。
  返回值: 无。
  uint32_t GetFlashSpace(void)
  函数功能:返回用户数据区的空间大小。
  参数说明:
      无参数。
  返回值:返回用户数据区的空间大小,单位:字节。


参考例程


#include <Flash.h>

void setup() {
    // initialize the Serial1
    Serial1.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  
    unsigned short temp = 68, readBuf;
    
    Serial1.println("the data to write is :");
    Serial1.println(temp);
    //write the value 68 to the address 0x0807B010 in flash.
    flash.Write(0x0807B010, &temp, 1);     
    delay(1000);
    
    Serial1.println("the data from reading is :");
    //read the value to the variable for the address 0x0807B010 in flash
    flash.Read(0x0807B010, &readBuf, 1);
    Serial1.println(readBuf);
 
    delay(10000);

}





Ethernet

概述

 Bluno M3 完美兼容W5200网络扩展板。W5200嵌入式开发用的TCP/IP以太网接口模块,使用SPI接口。W5200适合用户构建TCP/IP协议栈或是针对10/100的以太网开发。W5200支持标准以太网,支持几乎所有TCP/IP协议栈
(包括TCP、UDP、IPV4、ICMP、ARP、IGMP和PPPoE)。W5200使用32KB内部通信缓冲。W5200模块可以让用户只需要使用简单的套接字程序,而不用考虑复杂的以太网编程。此模块通过LED直接显示网络速度模式(10Mb
 或者100Mb)。Bluno M3的网络模块使用方式与Uno类似。


参考函数

Arduino官网Ethernet library接口函数使用说明入口:http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Ethernet

参考例程

/*
  Web Server (based on the sheld W5200)
 
 A simple web server that shows the value of the analog input pins.
 using an Arduino Wiznet Ethernet shield. 
 
 Analog inputs attached to pins A0 through A5 (optional)
 
 
 */

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
//注意!官网的SPI接口使用的是 D10作为 SS接口,这里需要根据实际SS接线情况定义一次SS管脚
//the default ss pin is attached to 10 pin for the sheld W5200
#define SS    10  
#define nRST  8  
#define nPWDN 9  
#define nINT 3 

// Enter a MAC address and IP address for your controller below.
// The IP address will be dependent on your local network:
byte mac[] = { 
  0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };
IPAddress ip(192,168,1,177);

// Initialize the Ethernet server library
// with the IP address and port you want to use 
// (port 80 is default for HTTP):
EthernetServer server(80);

void setup() {
  ////下面是非常重要的设置,如果没有可靠的复位设置,W5200可能不工作 !!!! /////////
  pinMode(SS,OUTPUT);  
  pinMode(nRST,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(nPWDN,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(nINT,INPUT);  
  digitalWrite(nPWDN,LOW);  //enable power
 
  digitalWrite(nRST,LOW);  //Reset W5200
  delay(10);
  digitalWrite(nRST,HIGH);  
 delay(200);       // wait W5200 work
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Open Serial1 communications and wait for port to open:
  Serial1.begin(9600);
   while (!Serial1) {
    ; // wait for Serial1 port to connect. Needed for Leonardo only
  }


  // start the Ethernet connection and the server:
  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip);
  server.begin();
  Serial1.print("server is at ");
  Serial1.println(Ethernet.localIP());
}


void loop() {
  // listen for incoming clients
  EthernetClient client = server.available();
  if (client) {
    Serial1.println("new client");
    // an http request ends with a blank line
    boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;
    while (client.connected()) {
      if (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        Serial1.write(c);
        // if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline
        // character) and the line is blank, the http request has ended,
        // so you can send a reply
        if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
          // send a standard http response header
          client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
          client.println("Content-Type: text/html");
          client.println("Connnection: close");
          client.println();
          client.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML>");
          client.println("<html>");
                    // add a meta refresh tag, so the browser pulls again every 5 seconds:
          client.println("<meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"5\">");
          // output the value of each analog input pin
          for (int analogChannel = 0; analogChannel < 6; analogChannel++) {
            int sensorReading = analogRead(analogChannel);
            client.print("analog input ");
            client.print(analogChannel);
            client.print(" is ");
            client.print(sensorReading);
            client.println("<br />");       
          }
          client.println("</html>");
          break;
        }
        if (c == '\n') {
          // you're starting a new line
          currentLineIsBlank = true;
        } 
        else if (c != '\r') {
          // you've gotten a character on the current line
          currentLineIsBlank = false;
        }
      }
    }
    // give the web browser time to receive the data
    delay(1);
    // close the connection:
    client.stop();
    Serial1.println("client disonnected");
  }
}





SD

概述

Bluno M3完美支持SD卡文件系统访问。其上层接口与Uno等类似。


参考函数

Arduino官网SD library函数接口入口:http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SD

参考例程

/*
  SD card basic file example

 This example shows how to create and destroy an SD card file
 The circuit:
 * SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
 ** MOSI - pin 11
 ** MISO - pin 12
 ** CLK - pin 13
 ** CS - pin 4

 This example code is in the public domain.

 */
#include <SPI.h>
#include <SD.h>

File myFile;
int cs_pin = 4;       //D4 is attached as cs pin
void setup()
{
  // Open serial communications and wait for port to open:
  Serial1.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial1) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for Leonardo only
  }


  Serial1.print("Initializing SD card...");

  if (!SD.begin(cs_pin)) {
    Serial1.println("initialization failed!");
    return;
  }
  Serial1.println("initialization done.");

  if (SD.exists("example.txt")) {
    Serial1.println("example.txt exists.");
  }
  else {
    Serial1.println("example.txt doesn't exist.");
  }

  // open a new file and immediately close it:
  Serial1.println("Creating example.txt...");
  myFile = SD.open("example.txt", FILE_WRITE);
  myFile.close();

  // Check to see if the file exists:
  if (SD.exists("example.txt")) {
    Serial1.println("example.txt exists.");
  }
  else {
    Serial1.println("example.txt doesn't exist.");
  }

  // delete the file:
  Serial1.println("Removing example.txt...");
  SD.remove("example.txt");

  if (SD.exists("example.txt")) {
    Serial1.println("example.txt exists.");
  }
  else {
    Serial1.println("example.txt doesn't exist.");
  }
}

void loop()
{
  // nothing happens after setup finishes.
}






Generate a Sine-wave by TIM8

概述

 the application is useful for generator a sine-wave  by TIM8,the frequence of which can be inditated form 70Hz to 2000Hz. In this application , only the out compare 1 chanel of TIM8 
 has initialized ,which generate a sine-wave on the PC8.Of course the PC8 must be attached a low pass filter,which can be made samply of two resistances and two capacitances,i.e.
 RC integrated circuit.Generally TIM8 have 4 independent channels which can be configure as out compare mode, so user can change the following code to generate mulititude sine-wave at
 the same time.  the schematic drawing shows as follow:
Blune M3


应用程序代码


   #define FAST_MATH_TABLE_SIZE  512
   const float sinTable_f32[FAST_MATH_TABLE_SIZE + 1] = {
   0.00000000f, 0.01227154f, 0.02454123f, 0.03680722f, 0.04906767f, 0.06132074f,
   0.07356456f, 0.08579731f, 0.09801714f, 0.11022221f, 0.12241068f, 0.13458071f,
   0.14673047f, 0.15885814f, 0.17096189f, 0.18303989f, 0.19509032f, 0.20711138f,
   0.21910124f, 0.23105811f, 0.24298018f, 0.25486566f, 0.26671276f, 0.27851969f,
   0.29028468f, 0.30200595f, 0.31368174f, 0.32531029f, 0.33688985f, 0.34841868f,
   0.35989504f, 0.37131719f, 0.38268343f, 0.39399204f, 0.40524131f, 0.41642956f,
   0.42755509f, 0.43861624f, 0.44961133f, 0.46053871f, 0.47139674f, 0.48218377f,
   0.49289819f, 0.50353838f, 0.51410274f, 0.52458968f, 0.53499762f, 0.54532499f,
   0.55557023f, 0.56573181f, 0.57580819f, 0.58579786f, 0.59569930f, 0.60551104f,
   0.61523159f, 0.62485949f, 0.63439328f, 0.64383154f, 0.65317284f, 0.66241578f,
   0.67155895f, 0.68060100f, 0.68954054f, 0.69837625f, 0.70710678f, 0.71573083f,
   0.72424708f, 0.73265427f, 0.74095113f, 0.74913639f, 0.75720885f, 0.76516727f,
   0.77301045f, 0.78073723f, 0.78834643f, 0.79583690f, 0.80320753f, 0.81045720f,
   0.81758481f, 0.82458930f, 0.83146961f, 0.83822471f, 0.84485357f, 0.85135519f,
   0.85772861f, 0.86397286f, 0.87008699f, 0.87607009f, 0.88192126f, 0.88763962f,
   0.89322430f, 0.89867447f, 0.90398929f, 0.90916798f, 0.91420976f, 0.91911385f,
   0.92387953f, 0.92850608f, 0.93299280f, 0.93733901f, 0.94154407f, 0.94560733f,
   0.94952818f, 0.95330604f, 0.95694034f, 0.96043052f, 0.96377607f, 0.96697647f,
   0.97003125f, 0.97293995f, 0.97570213f, 0.97831737f, 0.98078528f, 0.98310549f,
   0.98527764f, 0.98730142f, 0.98917651f, 0.99090264f, 0.99247953f, 0.99390697f,
   0.99518473f, 0.99631261f, 0.99729046f, 0.99811811f, 0.99879546f, 0.99932238f,
   0.99969882f, 0.99992470f, 1.00000000f, 0.99992470f, 0.99969882f, 0.99932238f,
   0.99879546f, 0.99811811f, 0.99729046f, 0.99631261f, 0.99518473f, 0.99390697f,
   0.99247953f, 0.99090264f, 0.98917651f, 0.98730142f, 0.98527764f, 0.98310549f,
   0.98078528f, 0.97831737f, 0.97570213f, 0.97293995f, 0.97003125f, 0.96697647f,
   0.96377607f, 0.96043052f, 0.95694034f, 0.95330604f, 0.94952818f, 0.94560733f,
   0.94154407f, 0.93733901f, 0.93299280f, 0.92850608f, 0.92387953f, 0.91911385f,
   0.91420976f, 0.90916798f, 0.90398929f, 0.89867447f, 0.89322430f, 0.88763962f,
   0.88192126f, 0.87607009f, 0.87008699f, 0.86397286f, 0.85772861f, 0.85135519f,
   0.84485357f, 0.83822471f, 0.83146961f, 0.82458930f, 0.81758481f, 0.81045720f,
   0.80320753f, 0.79583690f, 0.78834643f, 0.78073723f, 0.77301045f, 0.76516727f,
   0.75720885f, 0.74913639f, 0.74095113f, 0.73265427f, 0.72424708f, 0.71573083f,
   0.70710678f, 0.69837625f, 0.68954054f, 0.68060100f, 0.67155895f, 0.66241578f,
   0.65317284f, 0.64383154f, 0.63439328f, 0.62485949f, 0.61523159f, 0.60551104f,
   0.59569930f, 0.58579786f, 0.57580819f, 0.56573181f, 0.55557023f, 0.54532499f,
   0.53499762f, 0.52458968f, 0.51410274f, 0.50353838f, 0.49289819f, 0.48218377f,
   0.47139674f, 0.46053871f, 0.44961133f, 0.43861624f, 0.42755509f, 0.41642956f,
   0.40524131f, 0.39399204f, 0.38268343f, 0.37131719f, 0.35989504f, 0.34841868f,
   0.33688985f, 0.32531029f, 0.31368174f, 0.30200595f, 0.29028468f, 0.27851969f,
   0.26671276f, 0.25486566f, 0.24298018f, 0.23105811f, 0.21910124f, 0.20711138f,
   0.19509032f, 0.18303989f, 0.17096189f, 0.15885814f, 0.14673047f, 0.13458071f,
   0.12241068f, 0.11022221f, 0.09801714f, 0.08579731f, 0.07356456f, 0.06132074f,
   0.04906767f, 0.03680722f, 0.02454123f, 0.01227154f, 0.00000000f, -0.01227154f,
   -0.02454123f, -0.03680722f, -0.04906767f, -0.06132074f, -0.07356456f,
   -0.08579731f, -0.09801714f, -0.11022221f, -0.12241068f, -0.13458071f,
   -0.14673047f, -0.15885814f, -0.17096189f, -0.18303989f, -0.19509032f, 
   -0.20711138f, -0.21910124f, -0.23105811f, -0.24298018f, -0.25486566f, 
   -0.26671276f, -0.27851969f, -0.29028468f, -0.30200595f, -0.31368174f, 
   -0.32531029f, -0.33688985f, -0.34841868f, -0.35989504f, -0.37131719f, 
   -0.38268343f, -0.39399204f, -0.40524131f, -0.41642956f, -0.42755509f, 
   -0.43861624f, -0.44961133f, -0.46053871f, -0.47139674f, -0.48218377f, 
   -0.49289819f, -0.50353838f, -0.51410274f, -0.52458968f, -0.53499762f, 
   -0.54532499f, -0.55557023f, -0.56573181f, -0.57580819f, -0.58579786f, 
   -0.59569930f, -0.60551104f, -0.61523159f, -0.62485949f, -0.63439328f, 
   -0.64383154f, -0.65317284f, -0.66241578f, -0.67155895f, -0.68060100f, 
   -0.68954054f, -0.69837625f, -0.70710678f, -0.71573083f, -0.72424708f, 
   -0.73265427f, -0.74095113f, -0.74913639f, -0.75720885f, -0.76516727f, 
   -0.77301045f, -0.78073723f, -0.78834643f, -0.79583690f, -0.80320753f, 
   -0.81045720f, -0.81758481f, -0.82458930f, -0.83146961f, -0.83822471f, 
   -0.84485357f, -0.85135519f, -0.85772861f, -0.86397286f, -0.87008699f, 
   -0.87607009f, -0.88192126f, -0.88763962f, -0.89322430f, -0.89867447f, 
   -0.90398929f, -0.90916798f, -0.91420976f, -0.91911385f, -0.92387953f, 
   -0.92850608f, -0.93299280f, -0.93733901f, -0.94154407f, -0.94560733f, 
   -0.94952818f, -0.95330604f, -0.95694034f, -0.96043052f, -0.96377607f, 
   -0.96697647f, -0.97003125f, -0.97293995f, -0.97570213f, -0.97831737f, 
   -0.98078528f, -0.98310549f, -0.98527764f, -0.98730142f, -0.98917651f, 
   -0.99090264f, -0.99247953f, -0.99390697f, -0.99518473f, -0.99631261f, 
   -0.99729046f, -0.99811811f, -0.99879546f, -0.99932238f, -0.99969882f, 
   -0.99992470f, -1.00000000f, -0.99992470f, -0.99969882f, -0.99932238f, 
   -0.99879546f, -0.99811811f, -0.99729046f, -0.99631261f, -0.99518473f, 
   -0.99390697f, -0.99247953f, -0.99090264f, -0.98917651f, -0.98730142f, 
   -0.98527764f, -0.98310549f, -0.98078528f, -0.97831737f, -0.97570213f, 
   -0.97293995f, -0.97003125f, -0.96697647f, -0.96377607f, -0.96043052f, 
   -0.95694034f, -0.95330604f, -0.94952818f, -0.94560733f, -0.94154407f, 
   -0.93733901f, -0.93299280f, -0.92850608f, -0.92387953f, -0.91911385f, 
   -0.91420976f, -0.90916798f, -0.90398929f, -0.89867447f, -0.89322430f, 
   -0.88763962f, -0.88192126f, -0.87607009f, -0.87008699f, -0.86397286f, 
   -0.85772861f, -0.85135519f, -0.84485357f, -0.83822471f, -0.83146961f, 
   -0.82458930f, -0.81758481f, -0.81045720f, -0.80320753f, -0.79583690f, 
   -0.78834643f, -0.78073723f, -0.77301045f, -0.76516727f, -0.75720885f, 
   -0.74913639f, -0.74095113f, -0.73265427f, -0.72424708f, -0.71573083f, 
   -0.70710678f, -0.69837625f, -0.68954054f, -0.68060100f, -0.67155895f, 
   -0.66241578f, -0.65317284f, -0.64383154f, -0.63439328f, -0.62485949f, 
   -0.61523159f, -0.60551104f, -0.59569930f, -0.58579786f, -0.57580819f, 
   -0.56573181f, -0.55557023f, -0.54532499f, -0.53499762f, -0.52458968f, 
   -0.51410274f, -0.50353838f, -0.49289819f, -0.48218377f, -0.47139674f, 
   -0.46053871f, -0.44961133f, -0.43861624f, -0.42755509f, -0.41642956f, 
   -0.40524131f, -0.39399204f, -0.38268343f, -0.37131719f, -0.35989504f, 
   -0.34841868f, -0.33688985f, -0.32531029f, -0.31368174f, -0.30200595f, 
   -0.29028468f, -0.27851969f, -0.26671276f, -0.25486566f, -0.24298018f, 
   -0.23105811f, -0.21910124f, -0.20711138f, -0.19509032f, -0.18303989f, 
   -0.17096189f, -0.15885814f, -0.14673047f, -0.13458071f, -0.12241068f, 
   -0.11022221f, -0.09801714f, -0.08579731f, -0.07356456f, -0.06132074f, 
   -0.04906767f, -0.03680722f, -0.02454123f, -0.01227154f, -0.00000000f
};

/*Tim8 ccr address */
#define TIM8_CCR1_Address    0x40013434
#define TIM8_CCR2_Address    0x40013438
#define TIM8_CCR3_Address    0x4001343C
#define TIM8_CCR4_Address    0x40013440
static uint16_t Ctcs_Table[4500]; 



void RCC_Configuration(void)
{
    /* TIM8 and GPIOC clock enable */
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM8 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC 
                           , ENABLE);
    /* DMA 2 clock enable */
    RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA2, ENABLE);
}


void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    
    /* GPIOC Configure: Channel 1 as alternate function push-pull */
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_6;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void DMA_Configuration(void)
{
    DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;
    
    /* DMA2 Channel3 Config */
    DMA_DeInit(DMA2_Channel3);
    
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)TIM8_CCR1_Address;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)Ctcs_Table;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
    
    DMA_Init(DMA2_Channel3, &DMA_InitStructure);

}
float arm_sin_f32(float x)  
{
    float sinVal, fract, in;                        
    uint16_t index;                                     
    float a, b;                                      
    int32_t n;
    float findex;
    in = x * 0.159154943092f;
    n = (int32_t) in;
    if(x < 0.0f)
    {
      n--;
    }
    in = in - (float) n;
    findex = (float) FAST_MATH_TABLE_SIZE * in;
    index = ((uint16_t)findex) & 0x1ff;
    fract = findex - (float) index;
    
    a = sinTable_f32[index];
    b = sinTable_f32[index+1];
    
    sinVal = (1.0f-fract)*a + fract*b;
    
    return (sinVal);
}
#define SAMPLE_FREQ 282352    // the sample frequence of the pwm that is to be filtered by the attached low pass filter.
void DF_TIM8PwmInit(void) 
{ 
    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure; 
    TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure; 
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; 
    DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;
   
    RCC_Configuration();  //configure the RCC clock of related modules i.e. GPIOC,TIM8 etc.
    GPIO_Configuration();  //configure the GPIO pin for TIM8 as alternate function.
    DMA_Configuration();   //configure DMA channel for TIM8 the indicated out compare channel.
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 255; //set the sine wave 

    /*the source lock of TIM8 is 72MHz */ 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 1 - 1; // set the prescaler of TIM8 as 0,so the input clock of TIM8 is 72MHz. 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1; 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; // the counter mode is configured as upcounting mode 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0x0; 
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM8,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure); 


    /*configure the TIM8 as PWM1 Mode.*/
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;        
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; 
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Enable;  
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High; 
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Set; 
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNIdleState = TIM_OCNIdleState_Reset; 
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 0;        // this parameter is very important,since the sine wave generating depends on changing the Pulse value which will be assined to CCRx.
                                              // of course the example is based on the DMA way, with the value of the CCRx register is updated by  TIM8_CCR1_Address,so user can ignore the variable.                                   
    TIM_OC1Init(TIM8, &TIM_OCInitStructure);  // initailize TIM8 out compare chanel  
    TIM_DMACmd(TIM8, TIM_DMA_CC1, ENABLE);    // enable the TIM8's out compare 1 chanle addressed by DMA.
} 

const float pi = 3.1415; 

/*calculate the a table depending on the Freq ,whose elements are used to update TIM8_CCR1_Address's value  */
void DF_SinFreqSet(uint32_t Freq) 
{ 
    float fraction; 
    uint16_t i,a; 
    uint16_t Sample_Num; 
    
    /*calculate the number of the sample point*/
    Sample_Num = SAMPLE_FREQ / Freq; 
    for (i = 0; i < Sample_Num; i++) 
    { 
      /*use the formula to calculate the value corresponding to each point  */
      Ctcs_Table[i] = 127 * arm_sin_f32( 2 * pi * i / Sample_Num) + 128; 
    
    } 
    
    /*tell the DMA controller the total number of the data is to be transmit */ 
    DMA2_Channel3->CNDTR = Sample_Num; 
    

} 

/*start the sinewave generating.*/
void DF_SinStart(void) 
{ 
    /* DMA enable*/ 
    DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Channel3, ENABLE); 
    /*enable the PWM out compare  of TIM8*/ 
    TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM8,ENABLE); 
    /*enable the TIM8 module*/ 
    TIM_Cmd(TIM8,ENABLE); 
} 

/*stop the sinewave generating*/
void DF_SinStop(void) 
{ 
    /* DMA disable*/ 
    DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Channel3, DISABLE); 
    /*disable the PWM out compare  of TIM8*/ 
    TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM8, DISABLE); 
     /*disable the TIM8 module*/ 
    TIM_Cmd(TIM8, DISABLE); 
} 

void setup() 
{
    /*initialize the TIM8 mode and DNMA etc. */
    DF_TIM8PwmInit();
     /*set the sine-wave frequence as 1000Hz*/
    DF_SinFreqSet(1000);
    /*start the sine-wave generating*/
    DF_SinStart();
}

void loop() {
    
    delay(10000);
    /*expire the sine-wave Generating*/
    DF_SinStop();
    delay(10000);
    /*change the sine-wave frequence as 2KHz*/
    DF_SinFreqSet(2000);
    /*start the sine-wave generating*/
    DF_SinStart();
  
    
}




SWD

STM32F103RET6 支持SWD在线仿真调试,只需要4个PIN:GND、RST、SWDIO、SWDCLK,而且下载速度可以达到10M/s,Bluno M3提供了SWD端口用于STM32标准开发。SWD功能可以方便用户对stm32芯片内部的寄存器进行在线参看,试试监控芯片运行程序的状态等。
要使用SWD功能,首先要有仿真器,目前支持SWD的仿真器有ST-link 和J-Link,与之配套的IDE有IAR,Keil4等。我们的arduino开发环境不支持SWD在线调试,因此想用此功能则可以用IAR。关于IAR下面配置J-link的SWD功能的使用说明可以很容易在网上找到
相关教程,这里有一个写得比较好的教程可以参考:J-link调试STM32
Blune M3



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